Shades of Black

Keziah Knights 01/24/11 English 102 Dr. Gavin â€Å"Shades of Black† -Mary Mebane â€Å"Shades of Black† is an excerpt from Mary Mebane’s first autobiographical volume. In it, Mebane writes about the different types of black and the depictions of them in society. More specifically, how women of color are viewed and treated. Views of black woman have changed since the civil rights movement. From the 1950s to the 1970s, the views of black beauty have changed from one of reverence to one of disgust. Many different problems and obstacles present themselves to woman of color. Mebane writes about the ways in which black black girls and lighter skin African American girls were treated and viewed. Mebane stated, â€Å"by the twentieth century, really black skin on a woman was considered ugly†(Mebane 239). During the early 1900s, black woman were not really desired. At one point, they were though. Around the civil rights movement, black men considered black woman beautiful. As Mebane mentions, there is no definite date for the shift from beautiful to ugly, but it is undeniable that a shift did occur. This shift from desired to no desire could be referred to as the black consciousness movement. Between the 1960s and the 1970s, darker skin woman were not looked at much. Instead, black men chased after lighter skin woman and woman of a different decent. Woman of a darker shade faced a new problem. They were already part of the minority, now they were placed even lower. Because of their color, darker women had difficulty finding partners as well as jobs. In order to be recognized, darker women had to either befriend a light skin â€Å"beauty†, or turn to sex. According to Mebane and others, sexual acts were the only advantage a black woman had in getting ahead. Because they were no longer considered beautiful, black women were only good for sex. In regards to having a career, or even a job, black women actually had to have skill. Since they were not very appealing to the eye, darker skin women had to be appealing on paper. Training was the only way in which a darker shade of African American woman could land a job. She had to be trained better than the lighter skin women in order to be hired. Sometimes, training was hard to receive since they were not very wealthy. If darker skin women were able to receive training, they were not treated fairly because of their color. Therefore, black black women had to fight through in order to get enough training. African American woman faced a lot of problems in society during the twentieth century. Although they were once thought of as beautiful, for most of their lives their color took away from what they could have been capable of. Lighter skin African American women were not as burdened by their color as black black woman. Being educated, finding a partner, and landing a job were amongst some of the problems darker skinned women faced between the civil rights movement and the black consciousness movement. Again, there is no definite point of change, but there is no denying that there was a shift and unfortunately it wasn’t a positive one.

Geographical Information Systems (Gis)

1. Spatial data are what drive a GIS. Spatial features or entities and their attributes are stored in computers using a number of spatial data models. It is vital to understand the characteristics of them since the data model employed has considerable influence on the functionality of the GIS. Spatial data can represent real world features with discrete boundaries (such as roads, buildings, lakes, rivers, administrative boundaries) as well as real world phenomena with non-discrete boundaries (such as precipitation and nutrient levels, terrain).The basic approaches are: raster data model and vector data model. Depending on the type of problem that needs to be solved, the type of maps that need to be made, and the data source, either raster or vector, or a combination of the two can be used. Each data model has strengths and weaknesses in terms of functionality and representation. | Raster Data Model| Vector Data Model| Descriptions| The raster data model is the simpler model and is ba sed on the division of reality into a regular grid of identically shaped cells.Raster data represent the landscape as a rectangular matrix of square cells. In raster data model, attributes are limited to the numeric values of the cells themselves, and while it is possible to link additional attributes to the groups of cells having same values, which is rarely done in practice because of the low utilizing value and cumbersome data management. | In vector data model, an object’s shape is represented by dots which are located where the shape of the object changes.The dots which are known as vertices are joined by straight lines. Vector data represent features as discrete points, lines, and polygons. In vector model, as a point of difference, vector objects are additionally described by one or more characteristics, in GIS called attributes. Vector files attributes are stored in tables which consists of records (rows) representing individual features, fields (columns) representing a particular theme describing the feature, and attributes that refers to an intersection between a record and a field. Advantages| * The geographical location of each cell is implied by its position in the cell matrix. Accordingly, no geographical coordinates are stored other than an origin point. * Due to the nature of the data storage technique data analysis is usually easy to program and quick to perform. * The inherent nature of raster maps that is one attribute maps, is ideally suited for mathematical modeling and quantitative analysis. * Grid-cell systems are very compatible with raster-based output devices. As reconnaissance satellites and aerial surveys use raster-based scanners, the information can be directly incorporated into GIS. | * Data can be represented at its original resolution and form without generalization. * Graphic output is usually more aesthetically pleasing (traditional cartographic representation). * Allows precise representation of points, boundaries, an d linear features. * Accurate geographical location of data is maintained. * Since most data, e. g. hard copy maps, is in vector form no data conversion is required. Allows for efficient encoding of topology and operations that require topological information. | Disadvantages| * The cell size determines the resolution at which the data is represented. * It is especially difficult to adequately represent linear features depending on the cell resolution. Accordingly, network linkages are difficult to establish. * Processing of associated attribute data may be cumbersome if large amounts of data exist. Raster maps inherently reflect only one attribute or characteristic for an area. Since most input data is in vector form, data must undergo vector-to-raster conversion. Besides increased processing requirements this may introduce data integrity concerns due to generalization and choice of inappropriate cell size. * Most output maps from grid-cell systems do not conform to high-quality ca rtographic needs. | * The boundaries of the resulting map polygons are discrete whereas in reality the map polygons may represent continuous gradation or gradual change, as in soil maps. * The location of each vertex needs to be stored explicitly. Vector data must be converted into a topological structure to achieve effective analysis, which is often processing intensive and requires extensive data cleaning. * Continuous data is not effectively represented in vector form that usually requires substantial data generalization or interpolation for these data layers. * Spatial analysis and filtering within polygons is impossible. | References Heywood, I. S. (2006). Heywood, I. , S. Cornelius, and S. Carver. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall. Lo, C. P. (n. d. ). Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information . Pearson Education Inc. Technology, T.U. (n. d. ). The GIS Spatial Data Model. Retrieved November 16, 2012, from Introduction to Geographic Information Systems in Forest Resources: http://courses. washington. edu/gis250/lessons/introduction_gis/spatial_data_model. html Buckey, D. J. (n. d. ). VECTOR AND RASTER – ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. Retrieved November 16, 2012, from Biodiversity GIS: http://bgis. sanbi. org/gis-primer/page_19. htm 2. Basic concept of GIS As the name implies, geographic information systems (GIS) are systems designed to be input, store, edit, retrieve, analyze, and output geographic data and information.It is composed of an orchestrated set of parts, which includes computer hardware and software, space and organizations within which these reside, personnel who use the system in numerous levels and capacities, data and information upon which the system operates, clients who obtain and use the products, vendors who supply the hardware and software, and other systems within which the GIS functions. These parts allow it to perform its many interrelated tasks well. The main task of a GIS is to analyze spatially referenced data and in formation.There are various ways of classifying the analytical and modeling capabilities of GIS as many of these capabilities interact. Ultimately, the software most certainly contains algorithms and computer code specifically designed to: (i) Organize geographic data within appropriate referencing systems, (ii) Selectively query those data and aggregate them for easy understanding, (iii) Count and measure both individual objects and collections of objects, (iv) Classify and reclassify objects based on user specified properties, (v) Overlay related thematic map data, vi) And be able to combine these individual techniques into ordered sequences of operations designed to simulate some natural or anthropogenic activities for decision making. One of the purposes of using GIS is to take observations of the real world and simplify and scale the data into graphical elements to which are related descriptive features termed attributes. Database management system (DBMS) is used to maintain th e attributes while the graphical elements are described in any one of two general types of spatial structure which are vector and tessellation.Vector structures which refer to discrete elements, points, lines, and polygons, are represented digitally by a series of 2-D coordinates (x and y) that imply magnitude and direction. Whereas tessellation refers to representation of spatial data with a network of elements such as rectangles, squares, hexagons, equilateral triangles, and irregular rectangles. In general, vector methods are more suitable for mapping and performing spatial queries, while tessellation is more suitable to represent continuous surfaces such as topography.The history of development of GIS parallels the history of developments in digital computers and database management systems as wells as those in cartography and automation of map production. The development of GIS has also relied upon innovations made in other sectors including geography, photogrammetry, remote se nsing, civil engineering, and statistics. Generally, GIS can be very beneficial in various fields that some organizations are utilizing it, such as retail, utilities, environment, local government, health care, transportation and financial services.However, it could go wrong if the organization was not really sure how it could use it. It should be determined that how an organization uses spatial data and whether the current practices can be automated, and also identify any new processes which would be useful to help decision making. Some people believe that there is no difference between computer-assisted cartography (CAC), computer aided drafting (CAD), and GIS. Because the graphic display from these three systems can look identical to both casual and trained observers.Nonetheless, CAC computer systems that designed to create maps from geographical objects combined with descriptive attributes are excellent for display but lack of the analytical capabilities of a GIS. Also, for pure mapping purposes, CAC is highly desirable for the input, design, and output of mappable data rather than working through the myriad analytics of GIS to produce a simple map. Whereas CAD is developed to produce graphic images that is excellent for architects, but it is not capable of analyzing maps that it is the primary task assigned to the GIS.A successful GIS may not be an off-the-shelf solution to your problems, while it will require considerable thought for a successful implementation. Applications Nowadays, GIS technologies have been applied to diverse sectors to assist experts and professionals in analyzing various types of geospatial data and dealing with complex situations. GIS plays a vital role to help people collect and analyze related spatial data as well as to display data in different formats in business, education, transportation, public safety, natural resources, mapping and charting, geospatial intelligence, government, tourism, and health service.In agriculture, G IS can be very beneficial too as the ability of GIS to analyze and visualize agricultural environments and workflows has contributed much in the farming industry. Balancing the inputs and outputs on a farm as a fundamental to agriculture success and profitability can be determined easily through GIS. Pest/ disease tracking, farm management, crop monitoring, yield prediction and soil analysis can easily be done through GIS.From mobile GIS in the field to the scientific analysis of production data at the farm manager’s office, GIS is playing an increasing role in agriculture production by helping farmers increase production, reduce costs, and manage their land more effectively. In natural resource management, GIS has also played important role in various applications. For example, groundwater recharge potential evaluation platform, soil database query system, biodiversity geographic information system, climate rainfall map system, private forest land management system, water bo dy quality and pollutant management system, as well as rainfall analysis system.In planning and economic development, GIS helps economic developers in effective decision-making that it conducts analysis, displays and disseminates results and makes informed decisions about where to locate new businesses or grow existing ones. GIS technology is really powerful and efficient in helping economic developers sustain economic recovery and growth. The necessary platform for visualization, modeling, analysis, and collaboration can be provided by GIS tools and help the economic developers to achieve their goals.Next, for public safety, GIS contributes a lot especially in disaster management. There are some systems introduced to detect and prevent disasters such as GIS-based campus emergency system, disaster prevention area planning, urban disaster prevention spatial system, and emergency response digital map platform. However, remote sensing can be combined with GIS to produce a better tool i n disaster management. For example, the Wellington Regional Council (WRC) in New Zealand has developed a comprehensive library of earthquake hazard maps.The data have been digitized and forms part of the WRC GIS. Black and white copies of the maps are faxed to media outlets, police and emergency services while GIS/GPS were utilized to monitor the daily spread of the fire, measure fire suppression actions and assess damage to structures and to natural and cultural sources. Bibliography Basic Concepts. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 13, 2012, from http://www. ce. utexas. edu/prof/maidment/gishydro/docs/reports/smith/sect3. pdf Buckey, D. J. (n. d. ). VECTOR AND RASTER – ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.Retrieved November 16, 2012, from Biodiversity GIS: http://bgis. sanbi. org/gis-primer/page_19. htm Demer, M. N. (2009). Fundamental of Geographical Information Systems (4th Edition). United States of America: Wiley. GIS application in disaster management: some examples. (n. d. ). Retr ieved November 2012, 13, from GIS development: http://www. gisdevelopment. net/application/natural_hazards/overview/nho0001. htm Heywood, I. S. (2006). Heywood, I. , S. Cornelius, and S. Carver. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall. Linda Loubert, P. n. d. ). GIS for Economic Development. Retrieved November 13, 2012, from esri: http://www. esri. com/library/bestpractices/economic-development. pdf Lo, C. P. (n. d. ). Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information . Pearson Education Inc. Rabley, P. (2009, June). GIS for Agriculture. Retrieved November 13, 2012, from ESRI: http://www. esri. com/library/bestpractices/gis-for-agriculture. pdf SuperGeo. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 13, 2012, from GIS Applications: http://www. supergeotek. com/library_GISApplication. spx Technology, T. U. (n. d. ). The GIS Spatial Data Model. Retrieved November 16, 2012, from Introduction to Geographic Information Systems in Forest Resources: http://courses. washington. edu/gis250/lessons/introduction_gis/s patial_data_model. html 3. Future of GIS Geographical Information System (GIS) is a technological tool designed to store, analyze and display geographical data so that a person reading a map can select data necessary for a specific project or task. The demand for GIS tools is constantly growing.Comparing to the early years of GIS one would dream up a new spatial widget, code it, and then attempt to explain to others how and why they ought to use it, nowadays GIS has been applied into various fields whether in data management, economic planning and development, agriculture, and public safety, whereas in future GIS application should be better than this and make jobs to be done more easily. Why is future of GIS valuable? One of the reasons is geographic information science as a new science that is used to design future information systems.Also, it is valuable as it generates expansion into new fields and application areas, discovering new uses and solving problems. In future, the scie ntific visualization and computer graphics will be increasingly integrated with GIS capabilities, especially animated and interactive maps. The potential of future of GIS is far beyond the other sciences for the tools. In today’s world, acquiring data for a new GIS is no longer a major problem. GPS has become a main source of new GIS data and comes increasingly from integrated GPS/GIS systems.Nevertheless, this GIS domain has always been the outdoors where GPS signals are strong and reliable. Thus this matter should be looked into that moving GIS indoors. We need techniques for the rapid, cheap, and accurate capture of 3D geometries and attributes, as well as efficient methods of determining indoor position. The market for solutions to the problem of moving GIS indoors and integrating the indoors and outdoors really holds an enormous potential. By developing GIS trends, knowing where everything is can be very possible.Take consideration during emergencies but not invading pri vacy of ones, tracking individuals using the technologies of GIS would be very useful. For instant, it would be much easier to search for the possible victims if every inhabitant of the Wenchuan area of China had been tracked prior to the May 2008 earthquake. Furthermore, shifting GIS from the relatively leisurely process of analyzing static data to a far more dynamic process of real-time monitoring and decision making can be possible in future also.A GPS navigation system, fed by sensors, might show the state of congestion of the road system in real time; an emergency manager might view the real-time situation of a disaster response; and a public health researcher might monitor the real-time state of a disease outbreak. Nonetheless, as the progress of future of GIS is developing, we should also take the major influencing factors on it either positive or negative into consideration.There are several positive influences of future of GIS that we can see, such as continuing hardware co st reductions and improved performance, improvements in storage capacities and performance, the improved capability and functional range of most software, the adoption of standards for GIS in many countries, the availability of a greater range of digital data sets, the greater recognition of GIS as valuable management tool, and also the perceived success of GIS in a number of varied fields.For the negative sides, the lack of government funding for basic research initiatives, too many systems are stand-alone applications having little incentive to progress, the necessary implementation procedures are very complex, data costs can be prohibitive, too frequently data is difficult to integrate because of structure, accuracy, scale, level of aggregation, as well as the legal concerns over the copyright of data. In conclusion, GIS can be very useful if researches of innovation and evolution can be made more.Of course, advantages and disadvantages of applications of GIS in future have to be concerned much so that it can be fully utilized and the consequence of GIS development can be minimized. Last but not least, there is one fact that is inescapable: the world of GIS has always been full of surprises, and there is every reason to believe the future will be just exciting! Bibliography Basic Concepts. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 13, 2012, from http://www. ce. utexas. edu/prof/maidment/gishydro/docs/reports/smith/sect3. pdf Berry, J. K. (2007). Topic 27: GIS Evolution and Future Trends. Retrieved

Business Plan

BUSINESS PLAN GLOBAL MUSHROOM COMPANY LTD. -â€Å"quality first† MS in Agricultural Economics(Agribusiness and Marketing) MD. TAUHIDUL ISLAM LEVEL-4; SEMESTER-1 ID. NO. : 09 AEAM JD 03M REG. NO. :31636 Group : C DEPT. of AGRIBUSINESS & MARKETING BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY. MYMENSINGH BUSINESS PLAN SECTION 1: THE BUSINESS PROFILE Description of My Business Our product is Mushroom. We will produce, package and set price in our own farm. Targeted Market and Customers Our customers will be different departmental store, hotels and restaurants. Our product is new arrival in Bangladesh and it is highly nutritious. Growth Trends In This Business Yes, the market for our products is growing, because our product has increasing demand to the people, specially to the educated people. Pricing Power The unique qualities of our product are:- -nutritious -nontoxic -it is suitable for all classes of people, especially for diabetic patient and educated people. SECTION 2: THE VISION AND THE PEOPLE We are passionately committed of our new business to provide highly qualified mushroom to all classes of people specially for highly educated people. THE PEOPLE Work Experience Related to My Intended Business We got training from reputed mushroom cultivation training centre. Again we will appoint a mushroom cultivation specialist. Personal Background and Education Credentials We are expected to complete graduation this year from Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh . SECTION 3: COMMUNICATIONS Computer and Communications Tools Resource Requirements: Communications -Telephone/ mobile phone Tk. 10000/year -Advertisement Tk. 80000/year -Leaflet Tk. 5000/year -Internet Tk. 14000/year Telephones Telephone/mobile phone Tk. 10000/year Computers One computer and one printer Tk. 25,000 Computer accessories Tk. 5000 Internet Internet Tk. 14,000/year SECTION 4: ORGANIZATION Business Organization We want to form a JOINTSTOCK business organization. It is our intention to grow our company into a large farm throughout the country. Professional Consultants I feel it is important that my team of professional advisors be in place before I start in business. Here is a list of these professionals: 1. Lawyer-A. T. M. Golam Hossain 2. Accountant: Rakibul Hasan 3. Insurance Agent: Real Insurance Company 4 . Banker: Abdul Bari 5. Trainer: Aktaruzzaman Licenses 1. Trade license SECTION 5: LICENSES, PERMITS AND BUSINESS NAMES Due Diligence Procedures for Licenses, Permits and Business Names: Licenses: State: Trade license Slogan: Indicate your slogan intentions if any exist Our slogan is â€Å"quality first†. SECTION 6: INSURANCE Insurance (Session 6): List the form of insurance coverage including cost are anticipated. We plan to use the services of Real Insurance Company, as our insurance agent. SECTION 7: PREMISES Location Criteria †¢space requirements : 71 decimal †¢future requirements : 33 decimal SECTION 8: ACCOUNTING AND CASH FLOW Accounting COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Assets: Cash 50,000 60,000 75,000 90,000 1,00,000 Land3,22,7274,02,7274,82,7275,67,2725,67,272 Building(office room , store house & warehouse)4,00,0003,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,000 Less: depreciation5,0005,0005,0005,0005,000 3,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,0003,75,000 Computer , printer30,00028,00026,00024,00022,000 Less: depreciation2,0002,0002,0002,0002,000 28,00026,00024,00022,00020,000 Hut4,62,9905,78,7376,94,4846,94,4846,94,484 Equipment(rack & sprayer)65,20080,20097,80085,80073,800 Less: depreciation8,0009,50012,00012,00012,000 57,20070,70085,80073,80061,800 Vehicles(car & van)2,10,0001,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,000 Less: depreciation11,00011,00011,00011,00011,000 1,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,0001,55,000 Value of life insurance20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Raw materials inventories2,400,00030,00,00036,00,00039,60,00043,20,000 Supplies1,00,0001,20,0001,50,0001,80,0002,00,000 Total Assets40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Liabilities and Owners equity Liabilities : Bank loan20,00,00020,00,00015,00,00010,00,0008,00,000 Accounts payable1,00,9172,56,1646,94,0116,53,55611,13,556 Owners equity15,00,00020,00,00025,00,00030,00,00030,00,000 Retain earning4,34,0006,00,00010,00,00015,00,00016,00,000 Total Liabilities and Owners Equity40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Revenue: Gross sales48,00,00063,00,0007920,0008640,0009180,000 Less: sales return and allowance1,00,0002,00,000100,00025,00025,000 Net sales47,00,00061,00,0007820,0008615,0009155,000 Cost of goods sold: Inventory01,00,000200,000250,000250,000 Purchase24,00,00030,00,0003600,0003960,0004320,000 Less: purchase return 50,00075,00080,000100,000100,000 Net cost purchase2350,0002925,0003520,000386,0004220,000 Cost of goods available for sale 2350,0003025,0003720,0004110,0004470,000 Less: inventory1,00,000200,000250,000250,000250,000 Cost of goods sold22,50,0002825,0003470,0003860,0004220,000 Gross margin24,50,0003275,0004350,0004755,0004935,000 Operating expenses:, Advertisement cost80,000150,000100,00050,00025,000 Payroll4,68,000500,000560,000600,000600,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses1,50,000180,000280,000330,000330,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,00060,00070,00070,00070,000 Insurance (fire)20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Telephone and internet24,00030,00035,00035,00035,000 Other expenses13,60020,00025,00050,00050,000 Cumulative depreciation27,50027,50030,00030,00030,000 Total operating expenses8,42,100987,5001120,0001185,0001160,000 Net earnings16,07,9002287,5003230,0003570,0003775,000 Less :interest expense2,40,000240,000180,000120,00096,000 Net profit / loss13,67,9002047,5003049,9703450,0003679,000 Growth(profit/sales*100)29. 1%33. 57%39%40. 05%40. 19% COMPAR ATIVE ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT Cash Flow Planning Checklist (Tk. /year) operating expenses: Advertisement cost80,000 Payroll468,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses150,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,000 Insurance (fire)20,000/ Telephone and internet24,000 Other expenses13,600 Cumulative depreciation27,500 Total operating expenses 842,100 Capital investment1500000 Estimated sales4800000 Analysis of Costs Fixed costs: Land, building, equipment, hut, computer, depreciation, managers salaries, insurance, license cost, interest expense and vehicles. Variable costs: labor cost, Straw, Spawn, formalin, repair and maintenance cost and advertisement cost. Product cost: Straw, Spawn, formalin packaging and formalin. Delivery cost: Fuel, vehicles and drivers’ salaries . Internal Controls We will always supervise the overall activities in strong hand. If we get any dishonesty or carelessness in any kinds of business activities then we take necessary steps for controlling them properly. We will give rewards and incentives for appreciating the good works and punishments for skulking. We will keep record of every transaction and also we will try to ensure friendly environment for all employees in the company. SECTION 10: E-COMMERCE E-Commerce Plans We plan to build and install a registered website name www. glbmashroom. com . This site will contain attractive advertisement on our product. Buyers will get update information and they can merchandise via this website. E-Commerce Budgeting 1. Rent for domain – Tk. 1,000/year E-Commerce Competition We will provide more discount comparatively our best competitors. We will send our e-mail to our expected buyers containing our product advertisement. SECTION 11: ACQUISITIONS Due Diligence Procedures for Acquisitions # Our consulting team: Lawyer, accountant, banker, trainer, etc. # How we plan to authenticate- By providing sales receipt. # Sellers records to be inspected: Financial statements, sales backlog, cash deposit records, utility bills, accounts payable and receivable, financial comparisons of similar businesses, etc. # Appraisals, as appropriate. Yes. # Market conditions. Oligopoly market. # Value of goodwill exists. # Method of purchase: stock, assets, etc SECTION 12: MARKETING Marketing Plan We will personally contact with the buyers. We give fresh styling, quality product price incentive to them. We provide the transport facilities and arrange Mushroom food product festival every year to create more concentration of buyers. Advertising and Promotion Plans Plans Budget(Tk. /year) Internet 10,000 Television 40,000 Newspaper 20,000 Poster 5,000 leaflet 5,000 Training Policies We will hire a honest, skill and smart trainer for increasing the efficiency of our sales manager for specific period of time. The Competition BRAC is our strongest competitor, because they have -large overhead structure -large amount of capital -strong brand recognition But we intend to compete with the BRAC by the following ways- -attractive packaging price incentive -Mushroom food product festival -quality maintain -advertising -transportation facilities. How I Plan to Take Advantage of Competitors Weak Points The shortcomings of our competitors are as follows -slow motive to change product quality -price of product relatively higher than us -insufficient supply We plan to overcome their leadership with fresh new designs, artwork packaging and to provide at a lower price. SECTION 13: GROWTH PROGRAM Expansion Sources of financing :B ank and own capital Cash flow: Mushroom sale(cash inflow) Input purchase(cash outflow) Benefit package and policies: Those who are regular customer we sell the product to them at a lower price and sometime we will offer discount for product. Handling Major Problems Adverse conditions Response 1. Reduction in sales -sales promotion 2. Fall in price -reduce supply 3. Rise in input price -increase in output price How and where we reduce costs- -In advertising(in case of leaflet and postering ) -transportation cost will reduce when the company acquired goodwill to all kinds of customers. Business plan Pronunciation Brainless is start-up online business brain training game focused on person who deeds to enhance and improve their brains in the area of memory, attention and problem solving skill. The games are consisted of more than 25 training fitness games to challenge cognitive abilities in our brain. The company was established In the begging of 2014 with five co-founders from various expertise backgrounds. Parabolas also has the professional team and staffs with over 8-10 years experiences in each section to support our business.The company has a small office where was to the beginning of business. Since, we are online business and the startup company thus it would help us to minimize the cost for rental fee. . Executive summary Brainless is a first mover in online fitness brain game offering cognitive training of brain health in Thailand. The company has five co-founders who they are Dry. Daniel Brown, a neuroscience PhD from Stanford University in field of development human co gnition brain from United State, the second is Ms. Staring who is specialize in Information technology from Slovakia.The rest three persons are from Thailand which are Ms. Rattan, Mr.. Star and Ms. Hansson. Ms. Rattan will be concerning in Accosting and budget of the company because she is an expertise from Financial field. Besides, Sale and Marketing will be handled and promoted by Mr.. Star since he graduated both Bachelor and Master degree in major of Marketing from well- known University in Thailand. The last co-founder is responsible for general management and human resources because she has over eight years' experiences in this field.As we Just start up our online game business in Thailand, we are located in Bangkok area at Dry. Denial Brown house. Our company will be focus on Thai audiences who have 25 years old upward and income around 20,000 Baht per month. However, we would be expand market share to Asian countries in order to generate more revenue ND serve demand of the i ntention for Asian people who would like to practice and develop their mental skills and brains. The company also expects to capture market share by to be the first online training game in Thailand and a leader in this type of business in Asia.This is because we are different from many online games like Nintendo and Kudos in term of prove and evidence from scientific researcher. Our advertising are mainly through Internet and social media such as Faceable, Santos. Com, Kapok. Com and search engine. 3. Mission a. Mission and vision Mission Nowadays more and more people are paying attention to healthy lifestyle, including health eating and adequate amount of physical exercise. Whereas brain, similarly as provide the customer an option to develop brain activity also in parts, which are not used daily and to subsequently track progress.Vision Within Thai market it is important for us to ensure stability and afterwards expand our customer base. Opportunity for the future represents possi bility to expand to other markets of East Asian region and to become leaders in this part of the world. B. Objectives/Goals Goals Short-term 1) To increase awareness of non-user toward Brainless. Long-term 1) To improve customer service and product itself. 2) To increase sale revenue by expansion market to Asia. Objective 1) Create customer knowledge about how important of brain improvement. 2) Install customer tracking software. C.Keys to success The keys to success for Brainless are: 1 . Continuous development of new brain games that will ensure permanent attractiveness of the Brainless to customers. 2. Effectively establishing reputation as an exceptional company. 3. Cooperation with researchers, scientists and universities with the aim of improving games. 4. Simple design and ease of use of the web site noticeable. . Leaderless which allows the customers to compare their scores with other registered users scores d. SOOT analysis e. Strategies Loyalty program We will choose 2-3 g ames in each month for competition.The winner, who got the highest score in that game at the end of the month, will be received 10 – 20 percent discount from Brainless in the next payment for subscription. Winner are classify into three ranks, the first place will receive 20 percent discount and so on. This will help boot more and continue subscription from the customer. To create for long term relationship with the current customers To increase sales room subscription. To create Brainless awareness toward our current customers and their friends or relatives. Strategy Brainless give subscription discount for the winner in order to maintain good relationship with customer.Internet 1 . Apply Google Ad (SEE) word to the website by using keyword â€Å"Brainless, improving brain, game. We allocated the budget to this medium fund about 40,000 baht/ year. 2. Ad-banner for linking to the brand's website in http://www. Kapok. Com (in health section) and http://www. Santos. Com. We wi ll use banner ad in the whole 1 year with the total budgets around baht/ year) Social media As nowadays, Faceable is the most popular social networking website that people can chat, share their interest comments and positive experiences there.So, we will promote information of our company and inform people about Brainless and providing researches which can prove that our games have high quality, also can improve users' brain function via Braininess's Faceable fan page. Moreover, people can communicate and share their results directly with the company and friends. Flogger and Youth channel We will invite flogger who is famous in enhance and improve their potential brains n the area of memory, attention and problem solving skill to play our games. Hire Youth channel about game reviews our games to catch up consumers' attention.We expect that these two channels can play an effective role to get high reputation. And learning, and Uncle Pee channel who famous in game review. Event To cre ate awareness on Brainless toward Bangkok aged from 25 years old above who concerns about health and want to retain their mental faculty as long as possible. To create brand awareness, brand knowledge, and brand experience of Brainless – To promote the Brainless to be well known and reliable web site as training brain name. – To boost up the Brainless sales during the campaign period.We will Join the event as one of exhibitor to introduce Brainless benefits toward the event visitors – Give visitor discount for subscription. Free testing game Free giving cup, pen and brochure about brain care knowledge with Brainless logo as the specialty product. Tactics In the first 2 months, we have to finish all of the responsible website and create our fan page in Faceable under the URL of faceable. Com/page/Brainless – Two weeks before the events, we plan to invite the visitors to participate out booth by posting the invitation card in the fan page of each event.We w ill introduce our self about who we are and for the people who accept our invitation by click like on fan page, they can print out the gift voucher and show to us in the event to get a gift bag for free. – In the event day, we will give a free game sample to the visitors at the same time we will give them flyer the information about Brainless and Brainless benefits. On the top of flyer, we will also provide some special discount in CRY Code. The visitor Just screen the code, they will get 10% discount for the subscription. There is the event that Brainless can Join during the year 201 5 Thailand Game ShowBig Festival @Royal Paragon hall (March 17- 19,201 5) Cost 30,000 baht/ year Brainless represents a simple online tool allowing anyone to exercise variety of core cognitive abilities. It offers a brain training program consisting of 25 funds and challenging games focusing on different areas: Attention, Flexibility, Memory, Problem solving and Speed Brainless offers after a sh ort registration personalized program as well as the opportunity of tracking progress since Just 1 5 minutes training per day can lead to improvements in mentioned areas.It has a social layer too, so the customer can assure his or her results and progress against what other users are doing. Since the Brainless operates as a responsive site, customers can choose whether to train on the computer or on mobile device and still enjoying the same pleasure. 5. Revenue sources Brainless is basically free of charge for sign up as a basic membership and also offer free five days of trial training brain game.After five days of the individualized training plan developed upon first registration, our company is use of subscription services as a major revenue model by offering users or subscribers have to pay a fee o access all training exercise games in the website by monthly, weekly, yearly and lifetime membership. Subscriptions are not only our revenue sources because our company also generate revenues by letting advertisers to advertise in our web site, which means the company will get the revenue source from advertisement fee.Revenue Payment Brainless uses credit card as payment method. 1) Login by I. D 2) Chooses payment term by monthly, yearly 3) Choose credit card and payment method. 6. Future growth opportunities As we are the first brain training game program business in Thailand and first mover n Asia, we are thinking about expansion of our target groups that can serve all ages starting from five years till 75 years old because now our focus audiences are 25 years old upward because some games are not suitable for kids.So, we are trying to develop our games to be more fun, challenging and interesting to learners of all ages in the future. Moreover, in 201 5 our plan for future growth opportunities are to gain more incomes and attract more consumers and users by launching an application on mobile platform both SIS and Android which we considered of the growth of us ing smartness and tablets in Asia Pacific.Asia Pacific smartened penetration is highest in Hong Kong and Singapore at 87 percent, followed by Malaysia (80%), Australia (75%) and China (71 Penetration in developing Asia Pacific markets, while trailing the more developed markets in the region, is gaining traction; Thailand smartened penetration is at 49 percent followed by Indonesia (23%), India (18%) and the Philippines (15%). Tablet ownership has recorded significant growth in many Asia Pacific markets in the past year, in particular Singapore (up 30 percentage points to 47%), Hong Kong (up 27 points to 57%) and Malaysia (up 23 points to 42%). Http://www. Nielsen. Com/pH/en/insights/ news/2014/Asian-mobile-consumers. HTML) In addition, Brainless is looking beyond Thailand to reach a broader audience around Asia like China, Japan and Malaysia. We are plan ahead in future opportunities to develop our website to have more languages in next 2-3 years that it will help to reduce language s barrier and we hope international users can get through and really understand the game to enhance their mental fitness.Moreover, we are also looking for a sponsorship by Thai government to promote Thai people that may emphasis on teenagers to improve their cognitive velveteen in terms of memory, attention and creativity. A. Market analysis Market trends Customer analysis As nowadays, people have care more about their healthy, not only their body shape but also including brain function. Also, as a number of using smart mobile phone increase, people always spend their time on smart mobile phone in daily. Each day, they would got many information from the social network or internet which may be junk information or good information.Imaging that you have to do multi works and update thing around, it would make your brain cannot concentrate on one thing or any things in same time. So, they tend to find some tools that could improve their brain concentrated such as meditation which would prepare them for working and successful in multi skill tasks. As figure table and form the research, the elderly or those aged 60 years and over in Thailand, they found that an increasing number of Thai elder each year is growing, making currently Thailand is a society of seniors.And the working population or labor force survey found that in year 2556, there were 3. 45 million elder workers from the total 9 million elders, or 38. 3 percent of the total who were still worked. It can estimate that in the future, Thai people at ages 65 or above are still planning to be working as the number of the older is increased. And because of health concerns and people waiting to retain their mental faculty as long as possible, it makes the brain health business is growing steadily.Supplier power (Low) As Brainless produces their own games. They do not need any suppliers to involve in their production line. It means that Bargaining of supplier power is low. Barriers to entry (Moderate) For barri ers to entry are relatively high for advanced game because the startup for new business is very high cost in producing online brains improving games and the website much has platform that can measure improving brain which has to use complicated code for create web game. Threat of substitute products (High) Business Plan The main reason to have the clothing business on Commerce is because it has the biggest potential to give a free rein to enormous savings and business efficiencies. However the practicalities remain indefinable. The commerce focus the way to handle the change in the global planning and purchasing of transport as well as it contribute to the supply chain as logistics. The key activator to E-business is defined as logistics. Well there comes a question how benefits are enabled to ensure individual logistics and transport companies or will it perish in the revolution of E- commerce.E-commerce is the electronic business. Though which clothing business can enter to the power of computers, the internet and shared software to deliver and et product specifications and drawings, buying orders and receipts, bids, and other they of information related to data that is required to be conversed to suppliers, the public, employees and most importantly with customers. Below written is the SOOT analy sis of Men and Women Clothing business at Jersey Shore Boardwalk (Edutainment, 2002).SOOT Analysts: Strength: 0 The huge advantage of the E-commerce clothing store will be Global location I. E. Boundary less 0 There will be no time constraints to it. 0 Biggest benefit is price and product comparison can be made easily. 0 It will be cost effective for the clothing store. 0 The clothing store can easily direct communicate with consumer and can improved customer interaction. Moreover an E-commerce site will allow the clothing store to have flexible target market segmentation. It will be simple and easier to exchange of details and information.You will have a lower transaction cost and not only this you can easily do arrangement of products. 0 Customers can experience faster buying procedure 0 Company don't require to have a physical set up 0 Transactions are made easily. 0 Availability of Niche products Furthermore an advantage of low operating cost. Weakness: 0 Security is a big conce rn for every customer if they are buying online for verification of their personal information like credit card and other related secured information. 0 There a chance of fake websites similar to our open and used our name. Chances of fraud 0 Customers have fewer discounts offered and no chance of bargaining is available. 0 It might take long delivery timing. 0 If the quality is not maintained by the company related to the physical condition of the clothing products will become the biggest disadvantage for the company. If you are selling limited products in the clothing category or limited styles might 0 Might have a more shipping cost. 0 Customers get limited exposure and you get limited excess to advertising. 0 Hard to fulfill customer's satisfaction (Swags & Simian, 2012).For tax issues and purposes a verified address and identity of the location is necessary. International tax laws may hurdle against certain encountered references with legal issues and problems related to the te chnology. 0 There is a big hurdle in making the 4. Thoroughly described 2 online crimes prevalent in e-commerce and what you would do to prevent these crimes. 1. Credit cards frauds These are the biggest of all crimes going around the e-commerce business. Preventive majors: 0 Using address verification system in order to prevent credit card fraud. Verify about any anonymous or suspicious email. 0 Need to know the purchaser IP address to follow up if any fraud is involved in the transaction. 0 Keep interaction with the customer and verify customer billing address and bank details related to the customer. 2. Blocking and Censorship: 0 Filters should be added to your website in order to stop blocking access to control it. 0 Security needs to be more effective in order to provide protection to the customers. It is very important that an e-commerce website should comply with the policy related to censorship and blocking to be followed accordingly. Business Plan BUSINESS PLAN GLOBAL MUSHROOM COMPANY LTD. -â€Å"quality first† MS in Agricultural Economics(Agribusiness and Marketing) MD. TAUHIDUL ISLAM LEVEL-4; SEMESTER-1 ID. NO. : 09 AEAM JD 03M REG. NO. :31636 Group : C DEPT. of AGRIBUSINESS & MARKETING BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY. MYMENSINGH BUSINESS PLAN SECTION 1: THE BUSINESS PROFILE Description of My Business Our product is Mushroom. We will produce, package and set price in our own farm. Targeted Market and Customers Our customers will be different departmental store, hotels and restaurants. Our product is new arrival in Bangladesh and it is highly nutritious. Growth Trends In This Business Yes, the market for our products is growing, because our product has increasing demand to the people, specially to the educated people. Pricing Power The unique qualities of our product are:- -nutritious -nontoxic -it is suitable for all classes of people, especially for diabetic patient and educated people. SECTION 2: THE VISION AND THE PEOPLE We are passionately committed of our new business to provide highly qualified mushroom to all classes of people specially for highly educated people. THE PEOPLE Work Experience Related to My Intended Business We got training from reputed mushroom cultivation training centre. Again we will appoint a mushroom cultivation specialist. Personal Background and Education Credentials We are expected to complete graduation this year from Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh . SECTION 3: COMMUNICATIONS Computer and Communications Tools Resource Requirements: Communications -Telephone/ mobile phone Tk. 10000/year -Advertisement Tk. 80000/year -Leaflet Tk. 5000/year -Internet Tk. 14000/year Telephones Telephone/mobile phone Tk. 10000/year Computers One computer and one printer Tk. 25,000 Computer accessories Tk. 5000 Internet Internet Tk. 14,000/year SECTION 4: ORGANIZATION Business Organization We want to form a JOINTSTOCK business organization. It is our intention to grow our company into a large farm throughout the country. Professional Consultants I feel it is important that my team of professional advisors be in place before I start in business. Here is a list of these professionals: 1. Lawyer-A. T. M. Golam Hossain 2. Accountant: Rakibul Hasan 3. Insurance Agent: Real Insurance Company 4 . Banker: Abdul Bari 5. Trainer: Aktaruzzaman Licenses 1. Trade license SECTION 5: LICENSES, PERMITS AND BUSINESS NAMES Due Diligence Procedures for Licenses, Permits and Business Names: Licenses: State: Trade license Slogan: Indicate your slogan intentions if any exist Our slogan is â€Å"quality first†. SECTION 6: INSURANCE Insurance (Session 6): List the form of insurance coverage including cost are anticipated. We plan to use the services of Real Insurance Company, as our insurance agent. SECTION 7: PREMISES Location Criteria †¢space requirements : 71 decimal †¢future requirements : 33 decimal SECTION 8: ACCOUNTING AND CASH FLOW Accounting COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Assets: Cash 50,000 60,000 75,000 90,000 1,00,000 Land3,22,7274,02,7274,82,7275,67,2725,67,272 Building(office room , store house & warehouse)4,00,0003,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,000 Less: depreciation5,0005,0005,0005,0005,000 3,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,0003,75,000 Computer , printer30,00028,00026,00024,00022,000 Less: depreciation2,0002,0002,0002,0002,000 28,00026,00024,00022,00020,000 Hut4,62,9905,78,7376,94,4846,94,4846,94,484 Equipment(rack & sprayer)65,20080,20097,80085,80073,800 Less: depreciation8,0009,50012,00012,00012,000 57,20070,70085,80073,80061,800 Vehicles(car & van)2,10,0001,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,000 Less: depreciation11,00011,00011,00011,00011,000 1,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,0001,55,000 Value of life insurance20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Raw materials inventories2,400,00030,00,00036,00,00039,60,00043,20,000 Supplies1,00,0001,20,0001,50,0001,80,0002,00,000 Total Assets40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Liabilities and Owners equity Liabilities : Bank loan20,00,00020,00,00015,00,00010,00,0008,00,000 Accounts payable1,00,9172,56,1646,94,0116,53,55611,13,556 Owners equity15,00,00020,00,00025,00,00030,00,00030,00,000 Retain earning4,34,0006,00,00010,00,00015,00,00016,00,000 Total Liabilities and Owners Equity40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Revenue: Gross sales48,00,00063,00,0007920,0008640,0009180,000 Less: sales return and allowance1,00,0002,00,000100,00025,00025,000 Net sales47,00,00061,00,0007820,0008615,0009155,000 Cost of goods sold: Inventory01,00,000200,000250,000250,000 Purchase24,00,00030,00,0003600,0003960,0004320,000 Less: purchase return 50,00075,00080,000100,000100,000 Net cost purchase2350,0002925,0003520,000386,0004220,000 Cost of goods available for sale 2350,0003025,0003720,0004110,0004470,000 Less: inventory1,00,000200,000250,000250,000250,000 Cost of goods sold22,50,0002825,0003470,0003860,0004220,000 Gross margin24,50,0003275,0004350,0004755,0004935,000 Operating expenses:, Advertisement cost80,000150,000100,00050,00025,000 Payroll4,68,000500,000560,000600,000600,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses1,50,000180,000280,000330,000330,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,00060,00070,00070,00070,000 Insurance (fire)20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Telephone and internet24,00030,00035,00035,00035,000 Other expenses13,60020,00025,00050,00050,000 Cumulative depreciation27,50027,50030,00030,00030,000 Total operating expenses8,42,100987,5001120,0001185,0001160,000 Net earnings16,07,9002287,5003230,0003570,0003775,000 Less :interest expense2,40,000240,000180,000120,00096,000 Net profit / loss13,67,9002047,5003049,9703450,0003679,000 Growth(profit/sales*100)29. 1%33. 57%39%40. 05%40. 19% COMPAR ATIVE ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT Cash Flow Planning Checklist (Tk. /year) operating expenses: Advertisement cost80,000 Payroll468,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses150,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,000 Insurance (fire)20,000/ Telephone and internet24,000 Other expenses13,600 Cumulative depreciation27,500 Total operating expenses 842,100 Capital investment1500000 Estimated sales4800000 Analysis of Costs Fixed costs: Land, building, equipment, hut, computer, depreciation, managers salaries, insurance, license cost, interest expense and vehicles. Variable costs: labor cost, Straw, Spawn, formalin, repair and maintenance cost and advertisement cost. Product cost: Straw, Spawn, formalin packaging and formalin. Delivery cost: Fuel, vehicles and drivers’ salaries . Internal Controls We will always supervise the overall activities in strong hand. If we get any dishonesty or carelessness in any kinds of business activities then we take necessary steps for controlling them properly. We will give rewards and incentives for appreciating the good works and punishments for skulking. We will keep record of every transaction and also we will try to ensure friendly environment for all employees in the company. SECTION 10: E-COMMERCE E-Commerce Plans We plan to build and install a registered website name www. glbmashroom. com . This site will contain attractive advertisement on our product. Buyers will get update information and they can merchandise via this website. E-Commerce Budgeting 1. Rent for domain – Tk. 1,000/year E-Commerce Competition We will provide more discount comparatively our best competitors. We will send our e-mail to our expected buyers containing our product advertisement. SECTION 11: ACQUISITIONS Due Diligence Procedures for Acquisitions # Our consulting team: Lawyer, accountant, banker, trainer, etc. # How we plan to authenticate- By providing sales receipt. # Sellers records to be inspected: Financial statements, sales backlog, cash deposit records, utility bills, accounts payable and receivable, financial comparisons of similar businesses, etc. # Appraisals, as appropriate. Yes. # Market conditions. Oligopoly market. # Value of goodwill exists. # Method of purchase: stock, assets, etc SECTION 12: MARKETING Marketing Plan We will personally contact with the buyers. We give fresh styling, quality product price incentive to them. We provide the transport facilities and arrange Mushroom food product festival every year to create more concentration of buyers. Advertising and Promotion Plans Plans Budget(Tk. /year) Internet 10,000 Television 40,000 Newspaper 20,000 Poster 5,000 leaflet 5,000 Training Policies We will hire a honest, skill and smart trainer for increasing the efficiency of our sales manager for specific period of time. The Competition BRAC is our strongest competitor, because they have -large overhead structure -large amount of capital -strong brand recognition But we intend to compete with the BRAC by the following ways- -attractive packaging price incentive -Mushroom food product festival -quality maintain -advertising -transportation facilities. How I Plan to Take Advantage of Competitors Weak Points The shortcomings of our competitors are as follows -slow motive to change product quality -price of product relatively higher than us -insufficient supply We plan to overcome their leadership with fresh new designs, artwork packaging and to provide at a lower price. SECTION 13: GROWTH PROGRAM Expansion Sources of financing :B ank and own capital Cash flow: Mushroom sale(cash inflow) Input purchase(cash outflow) Benefit package and policies: Those who are regular customer we sell the product to them at a lower price and sometime we will offer discount for product. Handling Major Problems Adverse conditions Response 1. Reduction in sales -sales promotion 2. Fall in price -reduce supply 3. Rise in input price -increase in output price How and where we reduce costs- -In advertising(in case of leaflet and postering ) -transportation cost will reduce when the company acquired goodwill to all kinds of customers. Business Plan Over the last five years our organization has seen significant change in technology. While this change has been beneficial to Community College and its employees, we have reached a point where we are challenged with the new features and functions of the College's standard software. In order for our employees to continue to serve student needs effectively and efficiently the Technology Training Project has been created.This project will create technology training sessions to allow for increased technology understanding and to grow employee confidence. Upon completion, this project will provide for a foundation that will allow our organization to address the probable changes in future technology. TRAINING STRATEGY All employees will have access to technology training opportunities.The Training Department will provide technology training through the following modes of delivery: Face to face sessions Online via the portal Downloaded material In order to provide these training opportuniti es the following resources are required: Training opportunities to keep the College trainer / Seems current Current and up to ate handout materials Access to current hardware and software technologies The following is a list of assumption and constraints for the Training & Development Business Plan. Please note that this list may be modified as the project and planning move forward.Assumptions: All employees have the minimum technology skills as defined by Human Resources All employees have access to the current technology in the form of software and hardware required by their position All employees are encouraged and allowed to articulate in training opportunities This project has the full support of all executive leadership Constraints Attendance will be dependent on employee schedules All new employees must attend new employee orientation modules All equipment and software must be compatible with current technology DELIVERABLES Sessions Method Resources Anticipated Date Technolog y Sneak Peeks* OFF Trainer Cot/Novo/Deck Beginning Innovate Technology Tuesdays Office – Email/Calendar 1 Page Tip Sheet Training Department Novo/Deck Thumb Drives Training Department/Lot Nodded Word 2013: Navigating the File Tab OFF/Videos Late Novo / Early Deck Word 2013: Solving the Mystery of Headers and Sections Word 2013: Understanding Track Changes – not for the Light Hearted Fondles Excel 2013: Using a Table to Filter and Sort Data Excel 2013: Basic Formulas Fondles Outlook 2013: Using Rules and Categories to Organize Outlook Fondles Outlook 2013: What to Expect from the Outlook 365 Interface Endnote 2013: One What? What exactly is Endnote? Core Technology Training Trainer / Book Intermediate Innovate WI Utilize a Workup Site Portal Essentials: Communicating with your Workup via the Portal OFF / VideosPortal Essentials: Create Alerts to Maintain Awareness of Office Happenings OFF / Videos Portal Essentials: Create and Maintain Document Libraries with Custom Vie ws OFF / Portal Essentials: Calendar Management OFF / Videos WI 14 Proper Document Storage Personally Identifiable Information * Will schedule times at departments meetings COMMUNICATION DELIVERABLES The Training Department will communicate training opportunities by utilizing the current approved communication methods: Announcements Workup Listserv Emails Downloaded Flyers Portal Website Department Invitations Sneak Peaks SESSION OUTCOMES Office 2013 – These sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: a. Create and modify documents (Word) b. Create and modify reports (Word) c. Create and modify spreadsheets (Excel) d. Create and modify presentations (Powering) e. Create and modify calendar items (Outlook) f. Create and modify emails (Outlook) g. Create and maintain a basic database (Access) h. Navigate the new features in Office 2013 I.Use Endnote to manage and capture information electronically (Endnote) Innovate – these sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: . Create basic forms b. Manage a form library c. Edit form library permissions d. Create basic workflow e. Export to Excel How to Utilize a Workup Site – these sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: a. Create Announcements b. Create Email Alerts c. Create Document Libraries d. Create Custom views e. Connect Workup Calendar to Outlook ASSESSMENT AND TRACKING The current Training Department Events database will be used for tracking participation. A new participation method will be incorporated when the Sharpening Business Plan BUSINESS PLAN GLOBAL MUSHROOM COMPANY LTD. -â€Å"quality first† MS in Agricultural Economics(Agribusiness and Marketing) MD. TAUHIDUL ISLAM LEVEL-4; SEMESTER-1 ID. NO. : 09 AEAM JD 03M REG. NO. :31636 Group : C DEPT. of AGRIBUSINESS & MARKETING BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY. MYMENSINGH BUSINESS PLAN SECTION 1: THE BUSINESS PROFILE Description of My Business Our product is Mushroom. We will produce, package and set price in our own farm. Targeted Market and Customers Our customers will be different departmental store, hotels and restaurants. Our product is new arrival in Bangladesh and it is highly nutritious. Growth Trends In This Business Yes, the market for our products is growing, because our product has increasing demand to the people, specially to the educated people. Pricing Power The unique qualities of our product are:- -nutritious -nontoxic -it is suitable for all classes of people, especially for diabetic patient and educated people. SECTION 2: THE VISION AND THE PEOPLE We are passionately committed of our new business to provide highly qualified mushroom to all classes of people specially for highly educated people. THE PEOPLE Work Experience Related to My Intended Business We got training from reputed mushroom cultivation training centre. Again we will appoint a mushroom cultivation specialist. Personal Background and Education Credentials We are expected to complete graduation this year from Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh . SECTION 3: COMMUNICATIONS Computer and Communications Tools Resource Requirements: Communications -Telephone/ mobile phone Tk. 10000/year -Advertisement Tk. 80000/year -Leaflet Tk. 5000/year -Internet Tk. 14000/year Telephones Telephone/mobile phone Tk. 10000/year Computers One computer and one printer Tk. 25,000 Computer accessories Tk. 5000 Internet Internet Tk. 14,000/year SECTION 4: ORGANIZATION Business Organization We want to form a JOINTSTOCK business organization. It is our intention to grow our company into a large farm throughout the country. Professional Consultants I feel it is important that my team of professional advisors be in place before I start in business. Here is a list of these professionals: 1. Lawyer-A. T. M. Golam Hossain 2. Accountant: Rakibul Hasan 3. Insurance Agent: Real Insurance Company 4 . Banker: Abdul Bari 5. Trainer: Aktaruzzaman Licenses 1. Trade license SECTION 5: LICENSES, PERMITS AND BUSINESS NAMES Due Diligence Procedures for Licenses, Permits and Business Names: Licenses: State: Trade license Slogan: Indicate your slogan intentions if any exist Our slogan is â€Å"quality first†. SECTION 6: INSURANCE Insurance (Session 6): List the form of insurance coverage including cost are anticipated. We plan to use the services of Real Insurance Company, as our insurance agent. SECTION 7: PREMISES Location Criteria †¢space requirements : 71 decimal †¢future requirements : 33 decimal SECTION 8: ACCOUNTING AND CASH FLOW Accounting COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Assets: Cash 50,000 60,000 75,000 90,000 1,00,000 Land3,22,7274,02,7274,82,7275,67,2725,67,272 Building(office room , store house & warehouse)4,00,0003,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,000 Less: depreciation5,0005,0005,0005,0005,000 3,95,0003,90,0003,85,0003,80,0003,75,000 Computer , printer30,00028,00026,00024,00022,000 Less: depreciation2,0002,0002,0002,0002,000 28,00026,00024,00022,00020,000 Hut4,62,9905,78,7376,94,4846,94,4846,94,484 Equipment(rack & sprayer)65,20080,20097,80085,80073,800 Less: depreciation8,0009,50012,00012,00012,000 57,20070,70085,80073,80061,800 Vehicles(car & van)2,10,0001,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,000 Less: depreciation11,00011,00011,00011,00011,000 1,99,0001,88,0001,77,0001,66,0001,55,000 Value of life insurance20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Raw materials inventories2,400,00030,00,00036,00,00039,60,00043,20,000 Supplies1,00,0001,20,0001,50,0001,80,0002,00,000 Total Assets40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Liabilities and Owners equity Liabilities : Bank loan20,00,00020,00,00015,00,00010,00,0008,00,000 Accounts payable1,00,9172,56,1646,94,0116,53,55611,13,556 Owners equity15,00,00020,00,00025,00,00030,00,00030,00,000 Retain earning4,34,0006,00,00010,00,00015,00,00016,00,000 Total Liabilities and Owners Equity40,34,91748,56,16456,94,01161,53,55665,13,556 Particulars Year20082009201020112012 Revenue: Gross sales48,00,00063,00,0007920,0008640,0009180,000 Less: sales return and allowance1,00,0002,00,000100,00025,00025,000 Net sales47,00,00061,00,0007820,0008615,0009155,000 Cost of goods sold: Inventory01,00,000200,000250,000250,000 Purchase24,00,00030,00,0003600,0003960,0004320,000 Less: purchase return 50,00075,00080,000100,000100,000 Net cost purchase2350,0002925,0003520,000386,0004220,000 Cost of goods available for sale 2350,0003025,0003720,0004110,0004470,000 Less: inventory1,00,000200,000250,000250,000250,000 Cost of goods sold22,50,0002825,0003470,0003860,0004220,000 Gross margin24,50,0003275,0004350,0004755,0004935,000 Operating expenses:, Advertisement cost80,000150,000100,00050,00025,000 Payroll4,68,000500,000560,000600,000600,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses1,50,000180,000280,000330,000330,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,00060,00070,00070,00070,000 Insurance (fire)20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000 Telephone and internet24,00030,00035,00035,00035,000 Other expenses13,60020,00025,00050,00050,000 Cumulative depreciation27,50027,50030,00030,00030,000 Total operating expenses8,42,100987,5001120,0001185,0001160,000 Net earnings16,07,9002287,5003230,0003570,0003775,000 Less :interest expense2,40,000240,000180,000120,00096,000 Net profit / loss13,67,9002047,5003049,9703450,0003679,000 Growth(profit/sales*100)29. 1%33. 57%39%40. 05%40. 19% COMPAR ATIVE ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT Cash Flow Planning Checklist (Tk. /year) operating expenses: Advertisement cost80,000 Payroll468,000 Expense in license9,000 Transportation expenses150,000 Repairing and maintenance cost50,000 Insurance (fire)20,000/ Telephone and internet24,000 Other expenses13,600 Cumulative depreciation27,500 Total operating expenses 842,100 Capital investment1500000 Estimated sales4800000 Analysis of Costs Fixed costs: Land, building, equipment, hut, computer, depreciation, managers salaries, insurance, license cost, interest expense and vehicles. Variable costs: labor cost, Straw, Spawn, formalin, repair and maintenance cost and advertisement cost. Product cost: Straw, Spawn, formalin packaging and formalin. Delivery cost: Fuel, vehicles and drivers’ salaries . Internal Controls We will always supervise the overall activities in strong hand. If we get any dishonesty or carelessness in any kinds of business activities then we take necessary steps for controlling them properly. We will give rewards and incentives for appreciating the good works and punishments for skulking. We will keep record of every transaction and also we will try to ensure friendly environment for all employees in the company. SECTION 10: E-COMMERCE E-Commerce Plans We plan to build and install a registered website name www. glbmashroom. com . This site will contain attractive advertisement on our product. Buyers will get update information and they can merchandise via this website. E-Commerce Budgeting 1. Rent for domain – Tk. 1,000/year E-Commerce Competition We will provide more discount comparatively our best competitors. We will send our e-mail to our expected buyers containing our product advertisement. SECTION 11: ACQUISITIONS Due Diligence Procedures for Acquisitions # Our consulting team: Lawyer, accountant, banker, trainer, etc. # How we plan to authenticate- By providing sales receipt. # Sellers records to be inspected: Financial statements, sales backlog, cash deposit records, utility bills, accounts payable and receivable, financial comparisons of similar businesses, etc. # Appraisals, as appropriate. Yes. # Market conditions. Oligopoly market. # Value of goodwill exists. # Method of purchase: stock, assets, etc SECTION 12: MARKETING Marketing Plan We will personally contact with the buyers. We give fresh styling, quality product price incentive to them. We provide the transport facilities and arrange Mushroom food product festival every year to create more concentration of buyers. Advertising and Promotion Plans Plans Budget(Tk. /year) Internet 10,000 Television 40,000 Newspaper 20,000 Poster 5,000 leaflet 5,000 Training Policies We will hire a honest, skill and smart trainer for increasing the efficiency of our sales manager for specific period of time. The Competition BRAC is our strongest competitor, because they have -large overhead structure -large amount of capital -strong brand recognition But we intend to compete with the BRAC by the following ways- -attractive packaging price incentive -Mushroom food product festival -quality maintain -advertising -transportation facilities. How I Plan to Take Advantage of Competitors Weak Points The shortcomings of our competitors are as follows -slow motive to change product quality -price of product relatively higher than us -insufficient supply We plan to overcome their leadership with fresh new designs, artwork packaging and to provide at a lower price. SECTION 13: GROWTH PROGRAM Expansion Sources of financing :B ank and own capital Cash flow: Mushroom sale(cash inflow) Input purchase(cash outflow) Benefit package and policies: Those who are regular customer we sell the product to them at a lower price and sometime we will offer discount for product. Handling Major Problems Adverse conditions Response 1. Reduction in sales -sales promotion 2. Fall in price -reduce supply 3. Rise in input price -increase in output price How and where we reduce costs- -In advertising(in case of leaflet and postering ) -transportation cost will reduce when the company acquired goodwill to all kinds of customers. Business Plan Over the last five years our organization has seen significant change in technology. While this change has been beneficial to Community College and its employees, we have reached a point where we are challenged with the new features and functions of the College's standard software. In order for our employees to continue to serve student needs effectively and efficiently the Technology Training Project has been created.This project will create technology training sessions to allow for increased technology understanding and to grow employee confidence. Upon completion, this project will provide for a foundation that will allow our organization to address the probable changes in future technology. TRAINING STRATEGY All employees will have access to technology training opportunities.The Training Department will provide technology training through the following modes of delivery: Face to face sessions Online via the portal Downloaded material In order to provide these training opportuniti es the following resources are required: Training opportunities to keep the College trainer / Seems current Current and up to ate handout materials Access to current hardware and software technologies The following is a list of assumption and constraints for the Training & Development Business Plan. Please note that this list may be modified as the project and planning move forward.Assumptions: All employees have the minimum technology skills as defined by Human Resources All employees have access to the current technology in the form of software and hardware required by their position All employees are encouraged and allowed to articulate in training opportunities This project has the full support of all executive leadership Constraints Attendance will be dependent on employee schedules All new employees must attend new employee orientation modules All equipment and software must be compatible with current technology DELIVERABLES Sessions Method Resources Anticipated Date Technolog y Sneak Peeks* OFF Trainer Cot/Novo/Deck Beginning Innovate Technology Tuesdays Office – Email/Calendar 1 Page Tip Sheet Training Department Novo/Deck Thumb Drives Training Department/Lot Nodded Word 2013: Navigating the File Tab OFF/Videos Late Novo / Early Deck Word 2013: Solving the Mystery of Headers and Sections Word 2013: Understanding Track Changes – not for the Light Hearted Fondles Excel 2013: Using a Table to Filter and Sort Data Excel 2013: Basic Formulas Fondles Outlook 2013: Using Rules and Categories to Organize Outlook Fondles Outlook 2013: What to Expect from the Outlook 365 Interface Endnote 2013: One What? What exactly is Endnote? Core Technology Training Trainer / Book Intermediate Innovate WI Utilize a Workup Site Portal Essentials: Communicating with your Workup via the Portal OFF / VideosPortal Essentials: Create Alerts to Maintain Awareness of Office Happenings OFF / Videos Portal Essentials: Create and Maintain Document Libraries with Custom Vie ws OFF / Portal Essentials: Calendar Management OFF / Videos WI 14 Proper Document Storage Personally Identifiable Information * Will schedule times at departments meetings COMMUNICATION DELIVERABLES The Training Department will communicate training opportunities by utilizing the current approved communication methods: Announcements Workup Listserv Emails Downloaded Flyers Portal Website Department Invitations Sneak Peaks SESSION OUTCOMES Office 2013 – These sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: a. Create and modify documents (Word) b. Create and modify reports (Word) c. Create and modify spreadsheets (Excel) d. Create and modify presentations (Powering) e. Create and modify calendar items (Outlook) f. Create and modify emails (Outlook) g. Create and maintain a basic database (Access) h. Navigate the new features in Office 2013 I.Use Endnote to manage and capture information electronically (Endnote) Innovate – these sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: . Create basic forms b. Manage a form library c. Edit form library permissions d. Create basic workflow e. Export to Excel How to Utilize a Workup Site – these sessions will provide users with the technical training necessary to: a. Create Announcements b. Create Email Alerts c. Create Document Libraries d. Create Custom views e. Connect Workup Calendar to Outlook ASSESSMENT AND TRACKING The current Training Department Events database will be used for tracking participation. A new participation method will be incorporated when the Sharpening Business Plan The main reason to have the clothing business on Commerce is because it has the biggest potential to give a free rein to enormous savings and business efficiencies. However the practicalities remain indefinable. The commerce focus the way to handle the change in the global planning and purchasing of transport as well as it contribute to the supply chain as logistics. The key activator to E-business is defined as logistics. Well there comes a question how benefits are enabled to ensure individual logistics and transport companies or will it perish in the revolution of E- commerce.E-commerce is the electronic business. Though which clothing business can enter to the power of computers, the internet and shared software to deliver and et product specifications and drawings, buying orders and receipts, bids, and other they of information related to data that is required to be conversed to suppliers, the public, employees and most importantly with customers. Below written is the SOOT analy sis of Men and Women Clothing business at Jersey Shore Boardwalk (Edutainment, 2002).SOOT Analysts: Strength: 0 The huge advantage of the E-commerce clothing store will be Global location I. E. Boundary less 0 There will be no time constraints to it. 0 Biggest benefit is price and product comparison can be made easily. 0 It will be cost effective for the clothing store. 0 The clothing store can easily direct communicate with consumer and can improved customer interaction. Moreover an E-commerce site will allow the clothing store to have flexible target market segmentation. It will be simple and easier to exchange of details and information.You will have a lower transaction cost and not only this you can easily do arrangement of products. 0 Customers can experience faster buying procedure 0 Company don't require to have a physical set up 0 Transactions are made easily. 0 Availability of Niche products Furthermore an advantage of low operating cost. Weakness: 0 Security is a big conce rn for every customer if they are buying online for verification of their personal information like credit card and other related secured information. 0 There a chance of fake websites similar to our open and used our name. Chances of fraud 0 Customers have fewer discounts offered and no chance of bargaining is available. 0 It might take long delivery timing. 0 If the quality is not maintained by the company related to the physical condition of the clothing products will become the biggest disadvantage for the company. If you are selling limited products in the clothing category or limited styles might 0 Might have a more shipping cost. 0 Customers get limited exposure and you get limited excess to advertising. 0 Hard to fulfill customer's satisfaction (Swags & Simian, 2012).For tax issues and purposes a verified address and identity of the location is necessary. International tax laws may hurdle against certain encountered references with legal issues and problems related to the te chnology. 0 There is a big hurdle in making the 4. Thoroughly described 2 online crimes prevalent in e-commerce and what you would do to prevent these crimes. 1. Credit cards frauds These are the biggest of all crimes going around the e-commerce business. Preventive majors: 0 Using address verification system in order to prevent credit card fraud. Verify about any anonymous or suspicious email. 0 Need to know the purchaser IP address to follow up if any fraud is involved in the transaction. 0 Keep interaction with the customer and verify customer billing address and bank details related to the customer. 2. Blocking and Censorship: 0 Filters should be added to your website in order to stop blocking access to control it. 0 Security needs to be more effective in order to provide protection to the customers. It is very important that an e-commerce website should comply with the policy related to censorship and blocking to be followed accordingly.

Marketing tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing tools - Essay Example In this regard, the analysis focuses on a wireless mini Hair dryer market, competitive environment and the costs involved. This can only be achieved by continuous surveys of the product competitors’ actions in this market. Under an inventor’s strategic marketing plan/approach, it will continuously monitor potential benefits/opportunities offered by the new line of products/a wireless mini Hair dryer to ascertain its financial viability ((Errigo & Zempol 2011, p. 64). Ansoff’s Model In order to meet the above objectives, Knowledge Store can use the Ansoff’s matrix / model to make decisions regarding a wireless mini hair dryer marketing growth strategy. It will used to ascertain strategic priorities regarding the launch of this new product line to attract more customers, expand the existing market share and to increase sales revenue earnings (Errigo & Zempol 2011, p. 72). It helps in creating a logical platform on which the above objectives are developed, fo llowing different mix categories shown in the diagram below. Fig. 1.0: Ansoff’s Model Moreover, Ansoff’s matrix is employed to determine a wireless mini hair dryer marketing strategies that will help in meeting the objectives of increasing the customer base and market share. This will be facilitated by the use of internet services, which reach more customers segments in different geographic markets across the globe. SWOT Analysis of an inventor’s company An inventor SWOT can be analyzed in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as outlined in the following table. STRENGTHS 1. A company operates many stores across the globe, thus present in the global market. 2. Strong control over its distribution channels. 3. An inventor’s product has a strong brand identity/name. 4. Its diversification strategy has larger brands portfolio. 5. Expansive market product line. WEAKNESSES 1. Weak financial health caused by higher debts and decline in pro fitability margin. 2. Unstable management caused by family conflicts of interest. 3. Weaker brands portfolio from some items sold by an inventor. 4. Limited target customers, especially the professionals. 5. The prices of an inventor product are relatively higher. OPPORTUNITIES 1. An inventor has a higher market growth potential in other areas, especially in the UK and USA. 2. A company is capable of consolidating other brands for the establishment of a stronger competitive advantage in various segments. 3. Presence of e-marketing/e-commerce makes it possible for an inventor to carry out online transactions. 4. Presence of multi-media technology developments for marketing/advertising. THREATS 1. A company currently faces stiffer competition from other market players in a company, which are companies that offer medium brands that are capable of advancing towards the premium brands such. 2. An inventor is facing the threat of takeover that is likely to affect its capital ownership in a company. 3. Presence of both local political shakeups and economic slowdown. 4. Fake company’s products. PESTEL Analysis of an inventor’s company/business There are various factors that would affect the decision making processes. The PESTEL analysis technique has been used in an effort to analyze some of these factors. The PESTEL model usually covers the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that are likely to influence the decision maki

Business Performance and Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Performance and Strategy - Essay Example Details of the global market share by percentage are given in the figure below. In terms of revenue measure, GSK’s global rating as of the end of midyear 2014 was given as 6th largest pharmaceutical company (Palmer, 2014). This was accounted for with average annual revenue of  £25.602 billion. The company’s operating income for 2014 was given as  £7.771 billion, of which  £5.237 billion was realised as net income (Palmer, 2014). The major need for a competitive strategy at GSK can largely be said to be based on an ever increasing global competitiveness which has always made the company a 4th force in terms of market share and market capital. This situation is better exemplified in the table below which shows the direct competitor comparison of GSK since 2005. For the past ten years, GSK has strived to either maintain its market position or improve on it. This need is what has informed the use of a peculiar strategy that seeks to make the company competitive and set it apart from its major competitors. An important area of the strategy has been the need for the company to become economically sustainable. This is because the extent to which the company can competitively participate in the global pharmaceutical industry is largely dependent on its capital force (Flyvbjerg, 2003). In the following section of the paper, what has gone into the company’s strategy in the past 10 years and how the strategy can be explained by theories of positioning and resources are analysed. Based on theory, GSK’s current strategy can be said to have been selected based on the application of Bowman’s strategy clock. This is because the strategy clock outlines 8 major competitive positions that may be used by companies in gaining competitive advantage (Barton, 2004). On the whole, the competitive positions can be said to be largely focused on pricing, segmentation and value

The National Health Service and the Risk Assessment Techniques Research Paper

The National Health Service and the Risk Assessment Techniques - Research Paper Example The incident took place on an eight-bed ward for female admissions in a small National Health Service (NHS) institution. Dorothy Perkins has a history of considerable antisocial conduct. She is a thirty-five-year-old woman who has been nursed within this inpatient facility for almost three years and will be referred to as. Ms Perkins was admitted from Her Majesty’s Prison Service following ruling from the Crown Court that she requires a period of assessment after the attempted murder of her community care worker. Ms Perkins presents as floridly psychotic with underlying persecutory delusions and presents as unstable in her mood. Her view is that other people (staff, visitors, family and the common public) are plotting against her and attempting to murder her. Despite this, she is able to forge a level of therapeutic alliance with some staff members, in particular, male staff members. She is verbally abusive and with her large physical stature is intimidating towards the other service users on the ward and staff members. Her abuse is usually targeted towards female staff members, and she has assaulted another female service user on the ward during this admission. The multi-disciplinary team has ruled that any episodes of inappropriate conduct from Ms Perkins whilst she is around the communal areas of the ward must result in a period of ‘time-out’. In accordance with the Code of Practice to the Mental Health Act 1983 (1999), ‘time out’ is a behaviour modification technique which denies a patient, for a period of no more than 15 minutes.

Ethics and the college Student Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics and the college Student - Essay Example These resources are used to enhance and promote conversations and curricula on issues relating to ethics designed for college students, staff, and even the administration. Among the code of ethics include integrity which is to be present in any manner of relationship. Moreover, must treat others in respect, fairness and honesty. Competence is paramount any college for it to realize its educational objectives. Students in any college are to ensure equality and acceptance so as to prevent harassment, discrimination, and intimidation. Finally, it is honor and trust in all academic assignments thus avoiding plagiarism in any given assignment. Discussion A code of ethics must be there in colleges so as to curb cheating and related vices. Cheating is an epidemic in most of the colleges as it affects almost fifty percent of the total student population. The code of ethics is affected by the social characteristics and demographics of students like sex, age, levels of test anxiety, academic s tanding, and internal social control. Thee factors have been found to contribute to cheating in colleges which is unethical (Loveland & Rayna, 2000). This is because many students have rationalized their behavior in cheating and they do so without having to challenge the norm of honesty that is required. Most of the commonly cited technique they use is the denial of responsibility. In addition they use the neutralization technique of appealing to the higher loyalties. Here, they have been arguing that it is more vital to aide a friend than to avoid cheating which quite unethical. By the students recognizing and accepting cheating as a very undesirable behavior but nonetheless they see it as an excuse under certain circumstances thus the presence of situational ethics. To some students cheating is planned, expected and their opinion it is rewarded by good grades. This leaves the ethics and internalized control of the student as a barrier to cheating (Corll, 2007). However, the neutra lizing attitude gives the students the green light to side step issues of guilt and ethics and going ahead to place the blame for their behavior on another front. This concept of neutralization in relation to the ethics of college students permits them to state that cheating is wrong but to some extent in special circumstances it is acceptable, and even necessary. David Matza and Gresham Sykes (1957) are the first who developed the concept of neutralization so as to explain the concept of delinquent behavior. They explained the expression of delinquent behavior through the process of situationally defining deviant behavior in this case the college students through naturalization justify the violation of accepted behavior (Labeff et al, 2010). Plagiarism is considered as an act of dishonesty in academic spheres whereby a person takes the work of others and presents them as his or her own without proper attribution. Plagiarism can have numerous effects on both the student and the educ ational sector as a whole. Plagiarism leads to the student failing to develop sharp critical thinking skills which are paramount in any learning process. Also, it damages the relationship between the students and teachers by eroding their mutual trust and the students who legitimately earn their grades. Plagiarism can lead to loss of a degree or a job. This includes the college students, the college faculty members who may plagiarize the work of other scholars, and finally professors who face

Data as an Asset Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Data as an Asset - Assignment Example The changes in privacy laws will prohibit companies from using consumers’ information without their consent, thus protecting the privacy rights of all consumers (Education Week, 2015). Netflixs "recommender system" is a software program that is designed to learn about users by gathering data about them and drawing conclusions. â€Å"Machine learning† employs Artificial intelligence to recognize the needs of customers that uses the services of a particular company (Newitz, 2009). Computers can now supply the information that was used to be provided by individuals. Artificial Intelligence is the pillar behind Maps, Siri, and Passbook; gadgets are now able to do great things without help from users (Jackson, 2012). Rather than requesting users to rate products on a five-star scale, Netflix’s recommendation systems need to ask them to evaluate products in pairs; it will offer a correct representation of preferences of consumers. Besides recommending movies, Netflix needs to diversify and support music and games. Music and games are lucrative areas that will benefit the company. Users should be afforded an opportunity to offer feedback on how to improve the recommendation system. Netflix can offer a platform where users can give feedback on the effectiveness of the system. The three changes must be included in the system as part of the platform. Jackson, E. (2012). Whats Going To Be Apples Next Killer Product? Not a New iPhone- Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved on January 6, 2015 from http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericjackson/2012/10/09/whats-going-to-be-apples-next- killer-product-not-a-new-iphone-artificial-intelligence/ Newitz, A. (2009). Annalee Newitz-Artificial Intelligence and the Netflix Prize. Retrieved on January 6, 2015 from

Biological Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biological Science - Essay Example In mitosis, all the daughter cells resemble the parent cell chromosomal number and configuration (diploid). 6. During meiosis, the daughter cells formed are genetically different; in mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical. 7. Meiosis causes gamete formation or reproductive cells; mitosis causes increased population of somatic cells and causes repair of worn out cells and replaces dead cells. The commoner cell division is mitosis because the number of somatic cells is far greater than the number of the reproductive cells. So, mitosis is the more frequent cell division. 2. Why is biodiversity so important Be detailed and discuss the various ramifications of losing our biodiversity. Biodiversity is the key to the survival of every species. The existence of a wide variety of species or other taxa of plants, animals, and microorganisms in a natural community is called biodiversity. The main importance of biodiversity is stability of ecosystem. It also provides huge amount of genetic material useful for humans. Biodiversity results in an interspecies relationships, such as, scavenging, commensalisms, proto-cooperation, symbiosis, etc. These interspecies relationships are caused by interaction between two species so that each can be benefited from it. Foodweb is an important part of ecosystem. More is number of species in an ecosystem, better will be the foodweb, which means scarcity of food can be prevented by biodiversity. Apart from this, it can attract tourists so that by ecotourism, the economic condition of the country can be improved. It can promote pharmaceutical research, and indirectly, it can protect our civilization. Loss of biodiversity affects the humans, animals, and nature. We know that quality of foodweb depends upon biodiversity, so biodiversity loss can decrease the food productivity causing prices of food to go up and even death in many cases. Chances of natural disasters also increase with loss in biodiversity. Biodiversity can keep a check on zoonotic diseases, so loss of it can increase health risks of humans from zoonotic diseases. Plant diversity is the source of economy for the country because it provides many products like, timber, fruits, wood fuels, etc. So damage in plant diversity can cause the downfall of economy. This might lead to labor problems too. Loss of biodiversity may lead to habitat destruction, which contributes to the extinction of the animals. Apart from these, geographically, the continuous loss of forests affects rainfall, hence can compromise the quality of water for household use. 3. Explain the following: biotic potential, carrying capacity, logistic vs. exponential growth. Biotic potential: Biotic potential is the maximum rate at which the population could increase. In ideal condition, the variables like maximum birth rate and minimum death rate are determinants of biotic potential. However, the biotic potential can be influenced by environmental resistances, such as, competition

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Assignment 2 - Essay Example Right from the time of birth up to maturity, people anticipate to have some sense of love and belonging. Relationships make people to feel in place. Relationships make people happy and appreciate their life worth living. However, it is the same relationships that cause stress for most people. Relationships are major and common causes of stress for many individuals, especially when the relationships turn sour. People frequently undergo relationship problems such as, but not limited to infidelity. Relationships between spouses, peers, friends, employees and any other form of social systems, are usually characterized by conflicts. Despite the fact that relationship problems are the most prevalent, many people are oblivious of the causes of the problems. It is this lack of comprehensive understanding of the causes and nature of conflicts in relationships that causes stress for many individuals. In most occasions, problems in relationships are associated with concealed conversations and c onduct patterns buried deep within individuals. Most often, people fail to recognize their roles in relationships. Further, many people are always perplexed about what they are supposed to do in order to establish and sustain blissful, triumphant and long-lasting relationships. As they mull over how to make their relationships perfect, most people end up stressed. However, in many incidents, break ups in relationships and lack of understanding are usually what result into stress for many individuals. Relatively few people can manage their stress levels after break-ups. Instead of focusing on positive ways of dealing with their predicaments, many people are often engulfed in sulking and crying over spilt milk, which worsen their situation all together. What stresses one person may not be a problem to the other. According to mental health experts, personality contributes hugely to the manner in which people handle their relationships and stress. According to mental health professional s, individuals with â€Å"Type A† personalities are usually impatient, determined, time-conscious and driven. These personalities if not controlled properly may lead to stress-related ill health. On the other hand, people with â€Å"Type B† traits tend to be relaxed, not overly time-conscious, determined. As such, people with â€Å"Type B† traits often perceive things adaptively. Unlike individuals with â€Å"Type A† traits, they can think constructively and figure out how they can resolve their situations. Generally, individuals with â€Å"Type B† personalities tend to be less vulnerable to stress compared to people with â€Å"Type A† traits (Pejuskovic et al 389). It is often noticed that women and men usually respond to stress differently. One of the reasons that have been attributed to this is hormonal influence (Rai 52). Three hormones are believed to play a significant role in how women and men react to stress. These include cortisol, epinephrine, and oxytocin. In the event of stress, cortisol and epinephrine hormones are released, which increases blood pressure and also increase blood sugar level of an individual. Cortisol also reduces the efficiency of an individual’s immune system (Rai 52). In women, cortisol and epinephrine hormones are released into the bloodstream during a stressful event; oxytocin hormone is released from the brain to counter the release of cortisol and epinephrine hormones. Oxytocin also plays a role in nurturing and calming emotions.